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dojo.place

since:1.2

To see this utility in context, read the DOM Quick Start first.

dojo.place() is a useful DOM node placement utility function. It can be used to place existing nodes somewhere in an HTML document as well as create new nodes and immediately position them in the document. It encapsulates all necessary boilerplate code required to place a node correctly, and take special cross-browser consideration when creating and placing the nodes.

Since Dojo 1.7, dojo.place is exposed via the place method of the dojo/dom-construct module. An alias is kept in dojo/_base/html for backward-compatibility.

Overview

The function takes up to three arguments:

// Dojo 1.7+ (AMD)
require(["dojo/dom-construct"], function(domConstruct){
  domConstruct.place(node, refNode, pos);
};

// Dojo < 1.7
dojo.place(node, refNode, pos);
node

Can be a String or a DOM node. If it is a string starting with “<”, it is assumed to be an HTML fragment, which will be created. Otherwise it is assumed to be an id of a DOM node.

Note:

  • An HTML fragment can have more than one top node.
  • In the case of an invalid HTML fragment the result of instantiation is undefined.
  • When instantiating an HTML fragment the owner document of the reference node is used.
refNode
Can be a string (interpreted as an id of a DOM node) or a DOM node.
pos
Optional argument. Can be a number or one of the following strings: “before”, “after”, “replace”, “only”, “first”, or “last”. If omitted, “last” is assumed. The value of “only” replaces all children of the refNode. If the position argument is a number, it indicates that the node should be inserted as a child of refNode with this number (counting from 0).

The naming of the positions are intentionally concise.

place returns the node it placed. In case of an HTML fragment, if it has just one root element, that element is returned directly. Otherwise a document fragment is returned. The returned node can be:

  • A regular DOM element node: nodeType is 1 for ELEMENT_NODE , example: “<div>42</div>”.

    See DOM Core Level 1: Element for more details.

  • A document fragment representing a group of nodes: nodeType is 11 for DOCUMENT_FRAGMENT, example: “<p>1st paragraph</p><p>2nd paragraph</p>”.

    See DOM Core Level 1: DocumentFragment for more details.

    The document fragment is a very useful tool to work with a group of arbitrary nodes, because standard DOM methods can work with it as with a regular node operating on the whole group, e.g., inserting or appending it as a whole.

    Note that DocumentFragment is a Node, but not an Element. It does not support innerHTML, style, or any other familiar attributes of the element.

Usage

Dojo 1.7+ (AMD)

When using AMD format in a fully baseless application, place is accessed from the dojo/dom-construct module.

require(["dojo/dom-construct"], function(domConstruct){
    // place node as first child of refNode
    domConstruct.place(node, refNode, "first");
});

Alternatively, you can load dojo base in AMD style and continue using dojo.place in the define or require callback:

require(["dojo"], function(dojo){
    // place node as first child of refNode
    dojo.place(node, refNode, "first");
});

Dojo < 1.7

// place node to refNode
dojo.place(node, refNode, "first");

Placement options

Below is the full list of placement options with live examples illustrating their use.

Place “before” or “after”

This two options position the node in the reference node’s parent children list. “before” places the node right before the reference node, and “after” places the node right after the reference node.

dojo.ready(function(){
  var n = 0;
  dojo.connect(dojo.byId("placeBA"), "onclick", function(){
    dojo.place("<div class='node'>new node #" + (++n) + "</div>", "refBA",
      dojo.byId("posBA").value); // before/after
  });
});

<p>
  <button id="placeBA">Place node</button>
  <select id="posBA">
    <option value="before">before</option>
    <option value="after">after</option>
  </select>
</p>
<p>
  <div>before: 1st</div>
  <div>before: 2nd</div>
  <div id="refBA" class="ref">
    <div class="child">the reference node's child #0</div>
    <div class="child">the reference node's child #1</div>
    <div class="child">the reference node's child #2</div>
  </div>
  <div>after: 1st</div>
  <div>after: 2nd</div>
</p>

div.ref     { background-color: #fcc; }
div.node    { background-color: #cfc; }
div.child   { background-color: #ffc; }
div.ref div { margin-left: 3em; }

Place “replace”

“replace” replaces the reference node with the node.

dojo.ready(function(){
  var n = 0;
  dojo.connect(dojo.byId("placeReplace"), "onclick", function(){
    dojo.place("<div class='node'>new node #" + (++n) + "</div>", "refReplace", "replace");
    dojo.attr("placeReplace", "disabled", "disabled");
  });
});

<p>
  <button id="placeReplace">Place node</button>
</p>
<p>
  <div>before: 1st</div>
  <div>before: 2nd</div>
  <div id="refReplace" class="ref">
    <div class="child">the reference node's child #0</div>
    <div class="child">the reference node's child #1</div>
    <div class="child">the reference node's child #2</div>
  </div>
  <div>after: 1st</div>
  <div>after: 2nd</div>
</p>

div.ref     { background-color: #fcc; }
div.node    { background-color: #cfc; }
div.child   { background-color: #ffc; }
div.ref div { margin-left: 3em; }

Place as “first”, “last”, or “only”

These three options position the node as a child of the reference node. “first” places the node as the first child, “last” places the node as the last child, and “only” replaces all children of the reference node with the node.

If no position is specified, or position is not recognized, “last” is assumed as the default.

dojo.ready(function(){
  var n = 0;
  dojo.connect(dojo.byId("placeFLO"), "onclick", function(){
    dojo.place("<div class='node'>new node #" + (++n) + "</div>", "refFLO",
      dojo.byId("posFLO").value); // first/last/only
  });
});

<p>
  <button id="placeFLO">Place node</button>
  <select id="posFLO">
    <option value="first">first</option>
    <option value="last">last</option>
    <option value="only">only</option>
  </select>
</p>
<p>
  <div>before: 1st</div>
  <div>before: 2nd</div>
  <div id="refFLO" class="ref">
    <div class="child">the reference node's child #0</div>
    <div class="child">the reference node's child #1</div>
    <div class="child">the reference node's child #2</div>
  </div>
  <div>after: 1st</div>
  <div>after: 2nd</div>
</p>

div.ref     { background-color: #fcc; }
div.node    { background-color: #cfc; }
div.child   { background-color: #ffc; }
div.ref div { margin-left: 3em; }

Place by numbers

If pos is a number, the node will be placed as a child of the reference node with this number (counting from 0). For example, if 3 is specified, the node will be placed as the 3rd child (0, 1, 2, and 3 will be our node) assuming that the reference node has at least three existing children. If the number is more than number of children, the node will be appended to the reference node making it the last child. If the number is less than 0, the node will be placed at position 0 making it the first child of the reference node.

dojo.ready(function(){
  var n = 0;
  dojo.connect(dojo.byId("placeNumber"), "onclick", function(){
    dojo.place("<div class='node'>new node #" + (++n) + "</div>", "refNumber", parseInt(dojo.byId("posNumber").value));
  });
  // let's add nodes manually to ensure their number
  for(var i = 0; i < 3; ++i){
    dojo.place("<div class='child'>the reference node's child #" + i + "</div>", "refNumber");
  }
});

<p>
  <button id="placeNumber">Place node</button>
  as child
  <select id="posNumber">
    <option value="0">#0</option>
    <option value="1">#1</option>
    <option value="2">#2</option>
    <option value="3">#3</option>
    <option value="4">#4</option>
    <option value="5">#5</option>
  </select>
</p>
<p>
  <div>before: 1st</div>
  <div>before: 2nd</div>
  <div id="refNumber" class="ref"></div>
  <div>after: 1st</div>
  <div>after: 2nd</div>
</p>

div.ref     { background-color: #fcc; }
div.node    { background-color: #cfc; }
div.child   { background-color: #ffc; }
div.ref div { margin-left: 3em; }

Notes

This placement method is useful when you know how many children the reference node has, and what they are. Do not forget that text nodes (even empty ones) are counted as children too:

<p>
  <span>1</span>
</p>

In the fragment above the <p> node will have 3 children: a text node (spaces and a newline), the <span> node, and another text node (spaces and a newline). Be careful when using markup like that! For example the next fragment will have just one <span> node as a child:

<p><span>1</span></p>

Or you can construct DOM programmatically.

Alternatives

Place using dojo.create()

An alternative way to place (and create) a node is dojo.create. It is a simple helper that creates a node with a given tag (or uses the existing node), and applies optionally dojo.attr and dojo.place to it. While its creation part is not as rich, it allows to set complex attributes and styles dynamically without messy string manipulations. The additional benefit of dojo.create is that by using dojo.attr all attributes will be applied in a browser-independent way avoiding possible differences.

// the third and fourth options are passed to dojo.place()
// create a div, and place(n, dojo.body(), "first");

// dojo 1.7+ (AMD)
require(["dojo/dom-construct", "dojo/_base/window"], function(domConstruct, win){
   domConstruct.create("div", null, win.body(), "first");
});

// dojo < 1.7
dojo.create("div", null, dojo.body(), "first");
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